The sources

Kwela-Kwela, n

Dictionary Unit for South African English · A Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles: entry kwela-kwela · accessed 29 July 2026

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This dictionary history gives the chapter its most concrete account of pennywhistle players using music as cover when police vans approached street-corner dice games in Johannesburg.

Cited in

Kwela-Kwela, n. In A Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles. Grahamstown: Dictionary Unit for South African English. Accessed 29 July 2026. https://dsae.co.za/entry/kwelakwela/e04173.